Ames Tests

Muta-ChromoPlate™ Kits

 The Muta-ChromoPlateTM is a 96-well microplate version of the salmonella typhimurium 'Ames Test,' used for detection of mutagenic activity.

Developed to test mutagenic materials in water soluble extracts of sediment, air, chemicals, food components, cosmetics, waste waters, portable waters and any other material that can be solubilized or placed into micro suspension in water, such that the material being tested can be taken up by the test strain.

 

 

 

Product Number 5051 Muta-ChromoPlate Basic Kit

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Muta-ChromoPlate Basic Kit Includes:

• Reagents:
• 1 Ames Bacterial Strain, Growth Media and Control
• Reagents for 12 Plates (NOTE: if S9 Activation is included, reagents for 24 plates are included)
• Sterile Distilled Water (200ml for Basic kit, 400ml for S9 Activation kits)

• Plastics:
• 12 96 well plates (24 plates if S9 Activation is included)
• 1 .22um filter unit (150ml)
• Reagent Boats (10 units)
• 50ml Tubes (12 units)
• Reaction Mixture bottle (1 unit)
• Ziploc Bags for incubation

TA100, TA98, TA1535, TA97a, WP2 uvrA, WP2 pkm101 (Please contact EBPI for request of different strains not listed)

 

 

 

Product Number B5051 Muta-ChromoPlate Bacterial Strain kit

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Muta-ChromoPlate Bacterial Strain Kit Includes:

• Reagents:
• 2 Ames Bacterial Strain, Growth Media and Control (TA100 and TA98 are defult Ames strains)
• Reagents for 24 Plates (NOTE: if S9 Activation is included, reagents for 48 plates are included)
• Sterile Distilled Water (400ml for Basic kit, 800ml for S9 Activation kits)

• Plastics:
• 24 96 well plates (48 plates if S9 Activation is included)
• 1 .22um filter unit (150ml)
• Reagent Boats 25 unites (50 unites if S9 Activation is included)
• 50ml Tubes 24 unites (48 unities if S9 Activvation is included)
• Reaction Mixture bottle (1 unit)
• Ziploc Bags for incubation

This Ames test method is a modification of the Ames ISO fluctuation assay. Bacterial strains are pre-exposed to differing concentrations of the mutagenic compounds with a growth media in suspension for 100 minutes. Each dilution is run in triplicate.

EBPI has developed a line of Ames Test kits that are designed to meet OECD 471 Guidelines; these include the Ames 384-ISO (6041S9-OECD) as well as our highly popular Ames MOD-ISO (5041S9-OECD).  These OECD Ames Test kits allow users to run samples with and with a metabolic activation, in triplicates and 5 dilutions while still including all controls required (background, negative controls and positive controls). 

TA100, TA98, TA1535, TA97a, WP2 uvrA, WP2 pkm101 (Please contact EBPI for request of different strains not listed)

 

Resources:

Please review EBPI's step-by-step presentations on the Muta-ChromoPlate Procedure:

Muta-ChromoPlate Presentation Click here to download EBPI's Muta-ChromoPlate Ames Test Power Point.

EBPI Muta-ChromoPlate Handout Click here to download EBPI's Muta-ChromoPlate Ames Test Handout.

Muta-ChromoPlate Flow Chart   Click here to download EBPI's latest version of the Muta-ChromoPlate flow chart.

The Muta-ChromoPlate^TM kit is based on the most generally used and obacterial reverse-mutation test, known as the 'Ames Test' (Ames et al., 1975, Mutation Research 31:347).

The test employs a mutant strain, or several strains, of Salmonella typhimurium, carrying mutation(s) in the operon coding for histidine biosynthesis. When these bacteria are exposed to mutagenic agents, under certain conditions, reverse mutation from amino acid (histidine) auxotrophy to prototrophy occurs.

The Muta-ChromoPlate^TM provides a clear colour endpoint. Reagents, cultures and other consumable components are supplied ready-to-use in a non-specialized laboratory.

 

Traditionally, reverse-mutation assays have been performed using agar plates. An alternate assay performed entirely in liquid culture is the 'Fluctuation Test' based on multiple yes/no colour endpoints known as the Muta-ChromoPlate kit.

Potential Applications

• Testing of pharmaceuticals for mutagenic activity
• Testing of industrial effluents for presence of possible mutagenic compounds
• Screening of municipal discharges for possible routine presence or spills of mutagenic compounds
• Screening of surface and/or groundwater for mutagenic residues
• Screening of potable water supplies for the presence of chemicals with mutagenic potential
• Screening of water soluble air pollutants for mutagenic agents
• Evaluation of pure or complexed raw mixtures for potential mutagenicity
• A convenient and easy to use teaching tool for university and college laboratories

Muta-ChromoPlate Ames Kit Advantages

Traditionally, reverse-mutation assays have been performed using agar plates. An alternate assay performed entirely in liquid culture is the 'Fluctuation Test' based on multiple yes/no colour endpoints known as the Muta-ChromoPlate kit.

The Muta-ChromoPlate^TM kit is generally more sensitive than the pour-plate assay, because it allows testing of higher concentrations of sample (up to 75% v/v). The assay procedure is simple and requires minimal training. Consumable components are provided with ready-to-use and step-by-step instructions. "Instructions for Use" are provided with the basic kit. The only equipment required are a 37 degree Celsius incubator and a single and a multi-channel micropipettor.

S9 and Activation of Pro-Mutagens

S9 is a crude liver enzyme extract that can, under certain conditions, convert materials without any genotoxic activity to active genotoxic entities. The chemical process involved may be different for different materials. In addition, the lifetime of the activated moieties is extremely variable: some may be extremely short-lived. This is the reason for incubating the S-9 with the bacteria and the tested material at the same time during the assays.